![]() Baby teeth fill the child’s tiny jaws and allow the child to chew food while larger, stronger adult teeth develop inside the mandible and maxilla bones. Peaks and valleys on the flat apical surface of premolars and molars are used for chewing and grinding food into tiny pieces.īabies are born without teeth, but grow a temporary set of twenty deciduous teeth (eight incisors, four canines, and eight molars) between the ages of six months and three years. Premolars (bicuspids) and molars are large, flat-surfaced teeth found in the back of the mouth.Canine teeth, also known as cuspids, are sharply pointed, cone-shaped teeth that are used for ripping tough material like meat.Incisors are chisel-shaped teeth found in the front of the mouth and have a flat apical surface for cutting food into smaller bits.Teeth are classified into four major groups: incisors, canines, premolars, and molars. Enamel is the hardest substance in the body and is made almost exclusively of hydroxylapatite. The enamel - the white, outer layer of the crown - forms an extremely hard, nonporous cap over the dentin.The structure of the dentin layer is very porous, allowing nutrients and materials produced in the pulp to spread through the tooth. Dentin is much harder than the pulp due to the presence of collagen fibers and hydroxylapatite, a calcium phosphate mineral that is one of the strongest materials found in nature. Surrounding the pulp is the dentin, a tough, mineralized layer of tissue.Stem cells known as odontoblasts form the dentin of the tooth at the edge of the pulp. Tiny blood vessels and nerve fibers enter the pulp through small holes in the tip of the roots to support the hard outer structures. The pulp of the tooth is a vascular region of soft connective tissues in the middle of the tooth.Cementum provides grip for the periodontal ligaments that anchor the root to the surrounding alveolus.Įach tooth is an organ consisting of three layers: the pulp, dentin, and enamel. ![]() ![]() The exterior surface of the root is covered in a bone-like mixture of calcium and collagen fibers known as cementum. Roots are tapered structures resembling the roots of plants, and each tooth may have between one to three roots. ![]()
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